Islam

Islam-al-Islam: Muhammad is a messenger of God. Quran is the primary scriptures of Islam, believed to be the verbatim word of God, as well as called the sunnah, composed of accounts called hadith) of Muhammad. Muslims consider the Quran, in Arabic, to be the unaltered and final revelation of God. Like other Abrahamic religions, Islam also teaches a final judgment with the righteous rewarded in paradise and the unrighteous punished in hell. 

World's second largest religion population of Muslims. Majority of the Muslim population in 47 countries. Islam teaches that God is merciful, all-powerful, and unique, and guided humanity through prophets, revealed scriptures, and natural signs.

Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that was revealed many times before through prophets such as Adam, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus.

Religious concepts and practices include the Five Pillars of Islam, which are obligatory acts of worship, as well as following Islamic law (sharia), which touches on virtually every aspect of life and society, from banking and welfare to women and the environment.

The cities of Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem are home to the three holiest sites in Islam.

From a historical point of view, Islam originated in early 7th century CE in the Arabian Peninsula, in Mecca and by the 8th century, the Umayyad Caliphate extended from Iberia in the west to the Indus River in the east.

The Islamic Golden Age refers to the period traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century, during the Abbasid Caliphate, when much of the historically Muslim world was experiencing a scientific, economic, and cultural flourishing. The expansion of the Muslim world involved various caliphates and states such as the Ottoman Empire, trade, and conversion to Islam by missionary activities (dawah).

Sizable Muslim communities can also be found in the Americas, China, and Europe. Islam is the fastest growing major religion in the world.

Most Muslims are of one of two denominations: Sunni (85 to 90%) and Shia (10 to 15%). Sunni and Shia differences arose from disagreement over the succession to Muhammad and acquired broader political significance, as well as theological and juridical dimensions. 

Around 12% of Muslims living in Indonesia, the most populous Muslim-majority country 31% living in South Asia, the largest percentage of Muslims in the world 20% in the Middle East North Africa, where it is the dominant religion and 15% in sub-Saharan Africa.